Empirical Studies Using the Gender Role Conflict Scale-I (GRSC-I): 1984-2003
|
AUTHOR, DATE |
SAMPLE |
MEASURES OR VARIABLES USED WITH GRCS |
|
Archer, Murphy, Foos, Jensen & Morgan (1985) |
College students |
Likert items assessing male attitudes toward women and changing roles |
|
Arnold & Chartier (1984) |
Canadian college students |
Ego Identity Incomplete Sentences |
|
Berlin (1988) |
Black, white, & Hispanic unmarried fathers & their non- father peers N=181 |
Future Time Perspective Inventory Contraceptive Behavior Index |
|
Borthick, Knox, Taylor, & Dietrich (1997) |
Male and female students 18-24 |
Suicide Probability Scale |
|
Braverman (1990) |
College students |
Fraternity vs Non Fraternity Status |
|
Campbell & Snow (1992) |
Married men |
Family Adaptability & Cohesion Evaluation Scale III (Faces) |
|
Chamberlin(1993) |
Airline pilots |
Cockpit Management Attitudes |
|
Chartier & Arnold (1985) |
Canadian college students |
Objective Measure of Ego Identity (OMEI) |
|
Chartier, Graff & Arnold (1986) |
Canadian college students |
Hostility Toward Women Scale |
|
Cournoyer (1993) & Cournoyer & Mahilik (1995) |
Adult men; ages 35-45 |
Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory |
|
Davis(1987) |
Undergraduate men |
Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale |
|
Ducat,(1994) |
Undergraduate men |
Political Gender Gap Scale |
|
Gertner (1993) |
College Students |
Gender Role Journey Scale (JRJM) |
|
Good, Dell, Mintz (1989) |
College Students |
Attitude Toward Men Scale |
|
Good & Mintz (1990) |
College students |
Attitude Toward Men Scale |
|
Good, Robertson, O'Neil,Fitzgerald, DeBord, Bartels, & Braverman |
3 samples of college students |
Brannon Masculinity Scale |
|
Good, Robertson, Fitzgerald, Stevens & Bartels (1996) |
Counseling center clients |
Symptom Check List-90-R |
|
Good & Wood (1995) |
College students |
Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help Scale |
|
Harris (1990) |
Male college students |
Brannon Masculinity Scale |
|
Horhoruw (1991) |
Indonesian men |
Male Friendship Behavior Questionnaire |
|
Kaplan (1992) |
College juniors and seniors |
Sexual Experience Survey (SES) |
|
Kim (1990) |
Asian American College Men: Chinese, Japanese, & Korean Americans |
Suinn-Lew Asian Self Identity Acculturation Scale |
|
Laurent (1997) |
Adult African American males |
African Self Consciousness Scale |
|
Mahalik, DeFranc, Cournoyer, Cherry, & Napolitano (1997) (1998) |
Undergraduate and other men in their twenties |
Defense Mechanism Inventory |
|
Mendelson (1987) |
Alumni in their 20's and undergraduate engineers |
Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale |
|
Moore (1993) |
Non-alcoholic and alcoholic veterans and control group |
Attitudes Toward the Male Role Scale |
|
Nahon (1993) |
Recently separated men |
Yalom's Curative Factors Questionnaire |
|
Olsen |
Undergraduate men |
State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory |
|
O'Neil, Helms, Gable, David,& Wrightsman (1986) |
College students |
Personal Attributes Questionnaire |
|
O'Neil, Owen, Holmes,Dolgopolov & Slastenin (1994) |
American men |
Psychological Violence Scale |
|
Rhoades (1985) |
Men in late teens |
Contraceptive Mutuality Index |
|
Robertson & Fitzgerald (1992) |
Male college students |
UNIACT Techn. & Social Service Scales |
|
Rounds (1994) |
College students |
Inventory of Psychosocial Development (Identity and Intimacy subscale) |
|
Sharpe (1993) |
Adult married, white collar men |
Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory |
|
Sharpe & Heppner (1991) |
Male college students |
Personal Attributes Questionnaire |
|
Stillson, O'Neil, & Owen (1991) |
Adult men of different classes, races, and age-life stages |
Personal Attributes Questionnaire |
|
Wall (1991) |
Adolescent sex offenders, adolescents in custody, & high school non offenders |
Bem Sex Role Inventory |
|
Wisch, Mahilik, Hayes, & Nutt(1995) |
College students |
Counselor Rating Form |
|
AUTHOR, DATE |
SAMPLE |
MEASURES OR VARIABLES USED WITH GRCS |
|
Gullickson (1993) |
Sex Offenders |
Parent-Child Relations Questionnaire |
|
Floyd, Van Dillen & Kilmartin (1994) |
College Students |
Thematic Perception Test |
|
Shepard (1994) |
College Students |
Somatic Symptom Checklist |
|
Rando, Brittan, Pannu |
College Students |
Rape Myth Acceptance Scale |
|
Berko |
College Students |
Cheek & Buss Shyness Scale Revised |
|
Good, DeBord, Fischer & Heppner (1995) |
College Students |
Male Role Norms Scale |
|
Sileo |
Adult Men |
Intimacy Scale |
|
Rando, McBee, Brittan, Olsen-Rando, & Winsted |
College Students |
Rape Myth Acceptance Scale |
|
Thomson |
Abuse victims & non victims clients |
Thematic Apperception Test |
|
Fischer & Good (1995) |
College Students |
Toronto Alexithymia Scale |
|
Jacobs |
College & Adult men |
Attitudes Toward Women Scale |
|
Torres |
Low SES Puerto Rican men |
Puerto Rican Identity Scale |
|
Wisch & Mahalik (1996) (1999) |
Male Psychotherapists |
Client rating Scales |
|
Rando, Fangman, Olsen-Rando |
College Men |
Mother-Father Peer Scale |
|
Mahalik |
College Men |
Checklist of Interpersonal Transaction (Revised) |
|
Mintz & Mahalik |
Dual Career Family Men |
Sex Role Orientation Inventory |
|
Van Delft & Birk |
Military Men |
Symptoms Checklist - 90R |
|
Wade |
College Students |
Hopkins Symptom Checklist |
|
Fragoso |
Mexican American Men |
Hispanic Stress Inventory |
|
Bruch, Berko, & Haase |
College Men |
Cheek & Buss Shyness Scale Revised |
|
Addelston |
Elite High school Students |
Attitudes About Reality Scale |
|
Wade |
African American Men |
Black Racial Identity Attitudes Scale |
|
Blazina & Watkins |
College Students |
Beck Depression Inventory |
|
Fischer, Tokar, Schaub |
Undergraduate men |
Masculine Gender Role Stress Scale |
|
Hayes & Mahalik |
College men clients |
Brief Symptom Inventory |
|
Leka |
Latino college men |
Acculturation Rating Scale for Mexican Americans (ARSMA-II) |
|
Harnishfeger |
College men and women |
Conflict Tactics Scale; Gender Role Conflict Scale - Female; Thompson's Self Report Items
|
|
Schwartz, Merta, Waldo, Bloom-Langell |
Hispanic male abusers |
Acculturation Rating Scale for Mexican American self esteem measure |
|
Theodore |
Australian men across three age periods |
Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory; Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale; Miller Social Intimacy Scale; Satisfaction with Life Scale |
|
Senn, Desmarais, Verberg, Wood |
Canadian Adult men |
Sexual Experience Survey Rape Myth Acceptance R Scale |
|
Jome & Tokar |
Undergraduate and graduate men |
Male Role Norms Scale |
|
Newman, Noumair, & Farber (1997) |
Committed men & women |
Silencing the Self Scale
|
|
Schwartz, Waldo, Bloom-Langell, Merta (1998) |
Domestic violence offenders (N=67) |
Accultration Rating Scale for Mexican-Americans-II (ARSMA-II); Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale; Perpetrator Report/Victim Report; Critical Incident Questionnaire |
|
Maton, Anderson, Burke, Hoover & Mankowski (1998) |
Men in Mankind Project (N=42) |
Brief Symptom Inventory; Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale; Sense of Mastery Test; Life Satisfaction Scale Life goal & self development items |
|
Levant & Fischer (1995) |
Male college students (N=195) |
Male Role Norms Inventory |
|
Borthick, Knox, Taylor, & Dietrich (1997) |
Female college students (N=426) Male college students (N=195) |
Suicide Probability Scale; Bem Sex Role Inventory |
|
Borthick, Knox, Taylor, & Dietrich (1997) |
Female college students (N=462) |
Bem Sex Role Inventory |
|
Walker, Tokar, Fischer (1998, 2000) |
College men (N=162) |
Brannon Masculinity Scale; Macho Scale; Attitues toward Masculinity- Transcendence Scale; Masculine Gender Role Stress Scale; Index of Homophobia; Sex-Role Egalitarianism Scale; Liberal Feminist Attitude Idealogy Scale |
|
Fischer & Good (1998) |
College men (N=195) |
Masculine Gender Role Stress Scale; Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment; PAQ - Quality of Attachment to Parents; Psychological Separation Inventory |
|
Mahalik, Cournoyer, DeFranc, Cherry, & Napolitano (1998) |
University students & others (N=115) |
Defense Style Questionnaire-40; Defense Mechanism Inventory |
|
Dunn, 1998 |
Men involved with men's groups (N=53) |
Sex role Egalitarianism Scale; Demographic Questionnaire; Emotional Tolerance Score; Egalitarian Behavior Score 1&2 |
|
Swenson (1998) |
Adult men (N=85) |
Jourard Self-Disclosure Scale; Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale; Father-mother Scale; Background Questionnaire |
|
Covell (1998) |
Undergraduate & graduate students (N=208) |
Inventory of Parent & Peer Attachment; Revised Adult Attachment Scale; Ambivalent Sexism Inventory; Sexual Harrassment Attitude Scale; Likelihood to Sexually Harrass; Demographic Questionnaire |
|
Gottfried (1998) |
College men (N=26) |
Adaptation of the Male Role Norm Scale |
|
Durham Thompkins, & Rando (1998, 2000, 2003) |
College students (N=87) (N=343) |
Internalized Shame Scale |
|
Hetzel, Davenport, & Brooks (1998) |
College men (N=446) |
Perceived Social Support - Friend Scale (PSSFR); Social Support Behaviors Scale (SSB); Symptom Checklist-90 Revised (SCL90R) |
|
Bauman (1998) |
College men (N=93) |
Drinking Motives Questionnaire; Alcohol Consumption Measures |
|
Pytluk & Casas |
White ethnic college men (N=128); Racial & ethnic identified college men (N=153) |
Cultural Identification Scale; Demographic Questionnaire |
|
Jones (1998) |
Gay men (N=131) |
Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations; State Trait Anxiety Inventory _ Trait Form; Center for Edidemiogic Studies Depression Scale |
|
Jo (2000) |
Korean men (N=111) (N=191) (N=332) |
Affect Intensity Measure; Emotional Expressivity Scale; Self Esteem Scale; Korean Sex Role Inventory; CES Depression Scale, Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale; Marlowe-Crowne Socvial Desirability Scale; Perception of Korean Male Gender Role |
|
McAnulty (1998) |
Australian fathers N=15 |
Male Role Norms Inventory Miller Social Intimacy Scale |
|
Van Hyfte (1999) |
College men (N=37) |
Fear of Intimacy Scale; Index of Homophobia; Intimacy Characteristic Questionnaire |
|
Harris (1997) |
Australian men in Tasmania N=67 |
Personal Attributes Questionnaire Inventory of Interpersonal Problem |
|
Mahalik & Cournoyer (2000) |
College men N=54 |
Beck Depression Scale |
|
Tokar & Jome (1998) |
Undergraduate & Graduate men N= 212 |
Male Norms Scale IHP-M Homophobic Attitudes Self Directed Search Male Dominance Index |
|
Simonsen, Blazina, & Watkins (2000) |
Gay men N = 117 |
Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Help Hopkins Symptom Checklist |
|
Lagan & Mahalik, 1999, 2001 |
Catholic & Seminarian men N=151 |
Gender Role Stress Scale Intrinsic & Extrinsic Religious Orientation Scale Spiritual Well-being Scale |
|
Nenos-Cernich, Massoth, et al., 1999 |
College men N=157 |
Male Role Norm Inventory |
|
Torres, Solberg, & Carlstrom, 1999, 2002 |
Hispanic/Latino men N= 148 |
Short Accultruation Scale for Hispanics Personal Attributes Questionnaire Macho Scale Mirande Sex Role Inventory |
|
Napolitano, Mahalik, & Kenny, 1999 |
Young adulthood men N=146 |
Measures of Psychosocial Development Parental Attachment Questionnaire Masculine Gender Role Stress Scale |
|
Peterson, 1999 |
Veteran men N=146 |
Bem Sex Role Inventory Beck Depression Inventory Symptom Checklist 90-R Number of cigarettes smoked |
|
Hayashi, 1999, study 1 |
Japanese students N =213 |
Male Role Norm Inventory Trait Anxiety Inventory Beck Depression Scale 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale Self Esteem Scale |
|
Hayashi, 1999 study 2 |
Japanese men N=270
|
Japanese version of the GRCS (JGRCS) Japanese version of the MRNI (JMRNI) Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), Self Esteem Scale |
|
Heesacker et al., 1999 |
College men N=38 |
Beliefs About Men's Emotions Scale |
|
Wade & Gelso, 1998 |
College men N=344 |
Extended Objective Measure of Ego Identity Status Self Esteem Inventory Social Anxiety Scale Hopkins Symtoms Checklist-25 Reference Group Identity Dependence Scale |
|
Dillon & Good, 1999 |
College men N=443 |
Masculine Gender Role Stress Scale Inventory to Diagnose Depression Fear of Intimacy Scale & SCL-90R
|
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McMahon et al, 1999, 2000 |
Drug dependent fathers N=55 |
Inventory of Father Involvement Satisfaction with Fathering Scale Shame and Guilt Scale Conflict Tactics Scale: Nogotiation Parental Acceptance-Rejection Questionnaire Childhood Trauma Questionnaire NEO Five Factor Inventory |
|
DeFrance & Mahalik, 1999, 2002 |
Adult males N=231 And their fathers N=41 |
Parental Attachment Questionnaire Psychological Separation Questionnaire Masculine Gender Role Stress Scale Estimates of Fathers' Gender Role Conflict & Stress |
|
Harris, 1997 |
Adult Australian men N=67 |
Personal Attributes Questionnaire Interpersonal Problems-Intimacy Scale |
|
Bergen, 1996 |
College Students N= 247 |
Ways of Coping Questionnaire |
|
Birthistle, 1999 |
Adult Irish men N=40 |
COPE (Coping Inventory) The Hopelessness Scale |
|
Reiman, 1999 |
Adult men N=123 |
The Religious Orientation Scale |
|
Todryk, 1999 |
Male sex offenders N=168 |
Mutiphasic Sex Inventory Gender Role Journey Measure Parent-Child Relations Questionnaire |
|
Gulder 1999 |
German men N=115 |
Bem Sex Role Inventory (German short form) Sex Role Orientation Scale (German Translation) |
|
Segalla, 1995 |
College men N=202 |
Test of Self Conscious Affect Masculine Gender Role Stress Scale Attitudes Toward Professional & Psych. Help Expectations of Counseling - Short Form |
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Bursely, 1996 |
College men N=202 |
Coopersmith Self-Eteem Inventory Counseling Questionnaire Attitudes Toward Professional & Psych. Help Problem Checklist Beck Depression Inventory State-trait Anxiety Inventory |
|
Moradi et al., 2000 |
College men N=702 |
Structural validity of the GRCS |
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Rochlen, 2000, 2002; Rochlen & O'Brien, 2000, 2002
|
College men N=310 |
Career Decision Profile, Counselor Rating Form (Short), Attitudes Toward Career Counseling Scale, Counseling Approach Evaluation Form |
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Gomez Ortiz, 2000
|
Columbian men N=26 |
Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale Spielberger Hostility Scale Depression subscale SCL-9- |
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Blazina & Watkins, 2000 |
College men N=172 |
Inventory of parent and Peer Attachment; Separation/Individuation Inventory |
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Tokar, Fischer, Schaub, Moradi, 2000 |
College men N=300 |
Masculine Gender Role Stress NEO Five_Factor Inventory (Form S), Brief Symptom Inventory, Attitudes Toward Professional Psychological Help, Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20, Extended Personal Attributers Questionnaire |
|
Gough, 1999 |
Austrailian men N=189 |
Male Role Norm Inventory, The General Well Being Scale |
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Burke, 2000
|
Adult men N= 90 |
Brief Symptom Inventory (Short Form), Symptom Checklist -90, Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale |
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Martin, 2000 |
College men N=66 |
Brannon Masculinity Scale, course selection |
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Korcuska, 2000, 2003
|
College men N=222 |
Alcohol norms, problems, & intensity questionniare items, GPA, Time spent studying, Age of first drink |
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Alexander, 1999
|
Adult men N=179 |
Masculine Idealogy Scale, Kansas Marital Satisfaction Scale, Kansas Fathering Satisfaction Scale, Parent Performance Subscale |
|
Tate, 1998 |
English men N=82 |
Beck Depression Inventory, Significant Others Scale (Social Support) |
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Tsai, 2000 |
Taiwanese men N=737 |
Attitude Toward help Seeking Scale |
|
Brewer (1998) |
African American men (N=104) |
Center for Epidemiologic Depression Scale, Hopelessness Scale, Brannon Masculinity Scale, Dyadic Adjustment Scale, Hollingshead Two factor Index of Social Position |
|
Scott, 2001 |
College Students N= 135 |
Structural Family Interaction Scale Conformity to Masculine Norms Inventory |
|
Van Hyfte & Rabinowitz , 2001 |
Undergraduate men College frat. men Gay men N= 158 |
Miller Social Intimacy Scale Friendship-Intimacy Questionniare |
|
Mertens, 2000, 2001 |
Depressed outpatient men N=51 Internal medicine patients N=50 |
Beck Depression Scale State Trait Anxiety Inventory |
|
Mahalik et al., 2001 |
College and adult men in U.S. & Austrailia N=325 |
Miller Social Intimacy Scale Coopersmith Self Esteem Inventory |
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Coonerty-Femiano et al., 2001
|
Adult male sexual abuse survivors (N=11) and other adult men |
Symptoms Checklist 90, Trauma Symptom Checklist; Beck Depression Inventory; Beck Anxiety Inventory; Sheehan Disability Index; Anxiety Sensitivity Index |
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Englar-Carlson, 2001a; 2001b
|
College students N=231 |
Sex Role Eqalitarianism Scale; Attitudes Toward Helping Seeking Scale; Thoughts about Psychotherapy Scale |
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Rochlen, Blazina, Rajhunathan, 2001, 2002 Bruch, 2002 College Men N=169 |
College men N=117 |
Career Decision Scale; Attitudes Toward Career Counseling Scale; Positive-Negative Affect Scale; Career Advertising Evaluation Questionnaire Social Retience Scale (Shyness) Toughness Norms Scale, Bem Sex Role Inventory, Open Scale (Self Disclosure; Written Role Play Performance Test |
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Wester, 2000; 2001 |
Counseling Interns N=103 |
Supervisory Working Alliance Inventory Counseling Self Efficacy Inventory |
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Cashia, 2001 |
Maltese adult men N= 156) |
Relationship Questionnaire (Attachment Style) |
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Shepard, 2002 |
Catholic college Students N=111 |
Beck Depression Inventory |
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Naranjo, 2001 |
College, gay, & Violent men N= 150 |
Brannon Masculinity Scale; Personal Attributes Questionnaire; Chronic Self Destructiveness Scale |
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Marrocco, 2001
|
51 father-son pairs |
Mutual Psychological Development Questionnaire; Interpersonal Reactivity Index; Parental Bonding Instrument |
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Liu, 2000; 2002 |
Asian American men N=323 |
Male Role Norm Inventory; People of Color Racial Identity Attitude Scale; Quick Discrimination Index |
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Jakupcak, Lisak, Roemer, 2002 |
College students N=165 |
Masculine Gender Role Stress Scale; male Role Norm Scale; Male Role Norms Inventory (revised); Conflict Tactic Scale |
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Dodson, 2001 |
School Counselors N=100; Mechanical engineers N=100 |
Job in General Scale; Occupational Choice Dilemma Inventory; Socioeconomic Index; Male Dominance Index; Male Role Norm Scale |
|
Generali, 2002 |
College student substance abusers N=64 |
Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional-Psychological Help Scale |
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Schwartz, 2001 |
College students N=112 |
Relationship Questionnaire |
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Kang, 2001
|
Korean college students, N=303 |
State-Trait Anxiety Inventory; Center for Epid. Studies Depression Scale; Marlowe-Crown Social Desirability Index; Alcohol-Tobacco Questions |
|
Gale, 1999 |
College students N=245 |
Male Role Norms Inventory |
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Davis, 1997 |
College fraternity men (N=?) |
Rape Myths Acceptance Questionnaire; Attitudes Towards Women Scale; Comprehension of consent questions |
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Buckner, 1999 |
College men (N=413) |
Traditional-Liberated Masculine Attitude Scale; Acquaintance Description Form - Revised |
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Mendoza, 2000 |
Male batterers (N=109) |
Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional & Psychological Help; Reference Group Identity Dependence Scale; Exaggerated Self Reliance and Control Obsession of the Masculine Behavior Scale |
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Murphy, 2001 |
Mental health clinicians (N=178) |
Self Ratings and rating on traditional man |
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Selby, 1999 |
College men N=? |
Narcissism adjustment; Attachment Scale |
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Hurst, 1997
|
College men N=259 |
Preference for and Expectation of Therapy Orientation |
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Celentana, 2000 |
Couples N=130 |
Miller Social Intimacy Scale; Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale; Beck Depression Scale; State-Trait Anxiety Inventory; Trait Measure |
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Lily, 1999 |
African American men N=80 |
African American Acculturation Measure; Race/Gender Identity Scale |
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Blazina, Pisecco, ONeil, 2002 |
Adolescent boys N=339 |
GRCS for Adolescents; Connors-Wells Adolescent Self Report Scale |
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Kelly, 2000 |
Adult men N=188 |
Beck depression Scale; Measure of Hopelessness |
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Lontz, 2000
|
Retired men N=159 |
Male Role Norm Scale; Hoffman Gender Scale; Psychological Well Being Measures |
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Cadenhead, 2002 |
Adolescent emotional disturbed boys N=68 |
Gender Role Conflict Scale-A; Connors-Wells Adolescent Self Report Scale |
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Eicken & Boswell, 2002 |
College men N=179; College Women N=176 |
Toronto Alexithymia Scale; Emotional Intelligence Scale; Mirville-Guzman Universality-Diversity Scale Short From |
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Swartz, Buboltz, Seeman, Flye, 2002 |
Prison inmates N=336 |
Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory |
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Eicken et al, 2002 |
College men N= 275; College women N=299 |
Personal Attributes Questionnaire |
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Breiding & Smith, 2002 |
Couples N=59 |
Dyadic Adjustment Scale; Marital Happiness Scale; Beck Depression Scale; Positive & Negative Affect Scale |
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Englar-Carlson & Vandiver, 2002 |
College students N=363 |
Masculine Gender Role Stress Scale; Sex-Role Eqalitarianism Scale |
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Kearney, Rochlen, & King, 2002 |
College students N=98 |
Sexual Harassment Awareness Scale; Sexual Harassment Attitude Scale |
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Ervin & Lease, 2002 |
African American adult men N=54; European American N=73 |
Personal Data Questionnaire |
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Galasso, 2002
|
Working adult males N=100 |
Attitudes Toward The Family Leave Act |
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Vu, 2000 |
Vietnamese American men N=124 |
Suinn-Lew Asian Self-identification Acculturation Scale; Shame-Proneness Scale; Center for Epid. Studies Depression Scale; Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale; Positive Relations with Others Scale |
|
Faria, 2002 |
Porteguese Highschool students N= 300 |
Personal Attributes Questionnaire |
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Mahalik et al., 2003 |
College Students N=269 |
Conformity to Masculine Norms Inventory |
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Monk & Ricciardelli, 2003 |
Australian Men N=160 |
Male Role Norms Scale; Masculine Gender Role Stress Scale; Alcohol Use Disorder Test; Short Form Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test; Cannabis Use Scale; Drug Abuse Screening Test; Marlow-Crowne Social Desirability Scale |
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Rochlen, Land, Wong, 2003 |
College men N=191 |
Counselor Rating Form (Short); Attitudes Toward Professional and Psychological Help Seeking; On Line Attitude Counseling Scale; Counseling Approach Evaluation Form |
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Courtenay & McCreary, 2003 |
76 low risk and 79 high risk college men |
Masculine Ideology Scale; Health Risk Category Questions |
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Berger, 2002 |
College and adult men N= 155 |
Male Role Norms Inventory-R; Bermond-Vorst Alexithymia Questionnaire; Attitudes Toward Professional and Psychological Help Seeking |
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Ervin, 2003 |
Gay men N=227 |
Internalized Homonegativity Inventory; Psychological Well Being |
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Patton, 2002 |
College students N=72 |
Parent-Child Relationship Inventory; Personal Attributes Questionnaire |
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Silva, 2002 |
Male and Female Latino and Latina college students N=174 |
Triandis & Gelfand Indvidualism-Collectivism Scale (World View); Malcarnes Scale of Ethnic Experience |
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White, 2002 |
Black Men N= 271 |
Cross Racial Identity; Attitudes Toward Professional & Psychological Help Seeking |
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Shepard, 2001 |
96 heterosexual men & 102 gay men |
Psychological Well Being Measure; Attitudes Toward Professional & Psychological Help Seeking |
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Christensen, 2001 |
Adolescent boys N=? |
Gender Role Conflict Scales for Adolescents Adjective Checklist |
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